“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” This is one of the first rhymes of early folklore medicine that we all learned as children. Just start the words and whoever is near you willingly finishes it for you. In the early days of my career as a dietitian, we had to review the nutrition of an apple; the analysis (pre-1975) was: there is very little nutrition in the apple. Apples contain very little vitamin C and no vitamin A, and are not a source of protein nor of fat. The apple truly scored LOW on the nutrition index. They were thought of as merely crunchy things that were part of our diet. Ho-Hum.
This is not the thought today! We now KNOW that the apple a day does keep the doctor away. The updated rhyme also includes “An apple a day keeps the belly away.” Apples, naturally low in calories, have 5-7 grams of fiber — mostly insoluble fiber (especially with the skin on), which slows the digestive process and gives you a feeling of fullness and satisfaction. Studies suggest that chewing the raw apples also helps curb appetite (as an update, the current number of times to chew a mouthful of food is not 25 times, but 40 times…chomp those teeth). The other fiber is soluble fiber, including pectin. The soluble fibers benefit your blood vessel walls, helping to reduce the risk of heart disease in addition to lowering cholesterol. An apple is a lot of nutrition packed in a small travel package, under 70 calories.
There are so many recipes for apples: raw, cooked and as a secret ingredient in many recipes that call for sweetness. There are hundreds of varieties of apples, each with a special feature: tart, sweet, meaty, firm; those good to cook, to bake, to eat raw; some store well in the root cellar… The list of features is endless. My suggestion is to find a few varieties of apples you like and become comfortable with them; then try a few others and increase your knowledge and abilities with rarer offerings at the Farmers Market.
The simplest recipe is to wash the apple well…then eat raw. If you slice apples to serve as a garnish or just as is, wash, core the apple, then slice into water that you have squeezed a quarter of a lemon or lime in. The water is now called acidulated water, where the acid from the citrus protects the apple flesh from oxidizing or darkening; you can slice apples in advance, refrigerate and use later.
I frequently use apple slices as part of a composed salad and always use Poppy Seed Salad Dressing (recipes below).
Salad
Lay leaf lettuce (or Boston Bibb lettuce) on a salad plate, then top with unpeeled apple slices, add orange or grapefruit sections. Then let your imagination and your pantry be your guide. Chopped walnuts are a nice addition, as are raisins or any dried fruit bits, diced celery and so on. Compose or arrange artfully.
Poppy Seed Salad Dressing
Into a food processor with a steel blade, place 1 thin slice of onion, pulse once or twice. Add 1 teaspoon dry mustard powder, 1/4 teaspoon salt, and 1/3 cup apple cider vinegar and 1/2 cup sugar (I have also used a lesser amount of honey as a substitute). Blend a few seconds or pulses. With the blade running gradually add 1 cup of peanut oil (or make a blend of peanut oil and canola oil), until you have a thickened emulsified dressing. Add 1-2 tablespoons poppy seeds.
This salad dressing is particularly good on fruit salads (as above) or mixed in a chopped fruit salad or dessert. This refrigerates well for up to a month.
Apples are such a part of my cooking, I sometimes forgets that I “serve” them. Frequently, when I am trying to round out a meal, I will serve them cooked. As the dinner preparation is bustling along; depending on the number of people to serve or the number of apples I need to use up, I get a cast iron skillet, (I have many sizes, even the “baby” cast iron skillet holds 1-2 apples), put some butter or other oil in, slice the apples (always with the skin — I am no longer sure what a “peeled apple” is), add a small amount of sweet, like brown or white sugar or honey or molasses, then a few grains of salt along with a flavoring spice. I put it on very low heat and let them cook and reduce down until ready to serve. If I am fixing an oven meal, I do the same thing with the cast iron skillet and in to the oven it goes. This apple mixture is such that almost any oven temperature is okay. I have had them slow bake with a temperature of 250°F to a higher temp of 425°F…just being economical and using the oven fully.
If you are new to cooking and trying to learn things, like oven temperature and how long it takes things to cook…and most of all smelling and seeing how things respond to a slow oven or a quick oven, this oven style of apple preparation is wonderful. When my boys were smaller and we were experimenting in the kitchen, it was difficult to explain the flavors of spices such as cinnamon, allspice, cloves, ginger, nutmeg and so on; that is when I would use the cooked apples as the basis to let them learn the flavors. We would flavor with only cinnamon one time, the next would be nutmeg, and so on, until we had exhausted the spice pantry with flavor trials; by the time you added types of sugars and adding raisins AND types of apples, you can see we ate a lot of apples. It was a good example of science experimentation, recording our results, being in the kitchen and sharing the family moments. I believe the heart of the home is in the kitchen, and what better way to share slow cooking with the future generations.
Penelope Ferguson
Nutrition of the Shenandoah
© October 2011